Tashkent Agreement Signed Between

However, diplomatic efforts were successful and India and Pakistan signed the Tashkent Declaration, which forced both countries to cease hostilities, withdraw all armed forces from positions they occupied before the start of the conflict and restore diplomatic relations. IV The Indian Prime Minister and the President of Pakistan agreed that both sides would prevent any propaganda against the other country and encourage propaganda promoting the development of friendly relations between the two countries. Mediation took place through the USSR, during which a meeting was held in Tashkent from 4 to 10 January 1966 to establish a more lasting peace between India and Pakistan. The meeting took place between Indian Prime Minister Lal Bahadur Shastri, Pakistani President Muhammad Ayub Khan, moderated by Soviet Prime Minister Alexei Kosygin (left): President of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan Muhammad Ayub Khan, Prime Minister of Independent India Lal Bahadur Shastri and Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, member of the political bureau of the political bureau of the PC , Alexei Kosygin, before the government meeting , transmitted by the USSR. The war between India and Pakistan in 1965 was an escalation of minor and irregular struggles between April 1965 and September 1965 between the two countries. [3] The aim was to control the resources and population of Jammu and Kashmir, a sensitive point between the two countries since the division in 1947. [3] The Tashkent Declaration was a peace agreement between India and Pakistan to resolve the 1965 Indo-Pakistan war (August 5, 1965-September 23, 1965). It was signed in Tashkent, the capital of Uzbekistan, which in turn was part of one of the republics of the USSR. The main objective was to restore economic and diplomatic relations in the countries concerned, to stay away from the internal and external affairs of the other and to work towards the advancement of bilateral relations. Meeting in Tashkent and discussing relations between India and Pakistan, the Indian Prime Minister and the President of Pakistan expressed their firm commitment to restoring normal and peaceful relations between their countries and promoting understanding and friendly relations between their peoples. They consider that achieving these goals is essential for the well-being of the 600 million people in India and Pakistan. However, the ceasefire was fragile and the conflict could have resumed at any time.

The Soviet Union felt the need for a more binding agreement and proposed to act as a mediator, with the personal participation of Kosygin, President of the Council of Ministers of the USSR. According to The Memoirs of contemporaries, Kosygin played a crucial role in finding a solution to the Indo-Pakistani conflict, as he enjoyed the confidence of both sides. In accordance with Tashkent`s statement, ministerial talks were held on 1 and 2 March 1966. Despite the fact that these talks were unproductive, diplomatic exchanges continued in the spring and summer. The results of these discussions were not obtained due to differences of opinion on the Kashmir issue. The news of Tashkent`s statement shocked the people of Pakistan, who expected India to make more concessions than they got. Things got even worse when Ayub Khan refused to speak and went to solitary confinement instead of announcing the reasons for signing the agreement. Protests and riots took place at various locations in Pakistan. [3] To dispel the anger and concerns of the people, Ayub Khan decided to take the matter before the people on 14 January 1966.

This is the difference with Tashkent`s statement that eventually led to the impeachment of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto from the Ayub government, which later founded his own party, the Pakistan People`s Party.